Review of FDTD Time-Stepping Schemes for Efficient Simulation of Electric Conductive Media

Christian Schuster, Andreas Christ, and Wolfgang Fichtner, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Volume 25, Issue 1, pp. 16–21, April 2000

We review the time-backward (TB), the time-forward (TF), and time-average (TA), and the exponential time-differencing (ETD) time-stepping schemes of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for the efficient simulation of electric conductive media. The application of global time-step adjustment and adaptive-gridding techniques is addressed in an outlook.

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